很多时候我们会遇到类似这样的字符串“%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%AF%E7%86%8A”，如果你稍有经验就应该知道这是URL编码的汉字.
URL编码的产生是因为在URL只有少量的字符可以被使用:
“…Only alphanumerics [0-9a-zA-Z], the special characters “$-_.+!*’(),” [not including the quotes - ed], and reserved characters used for their reserved purposes may be used unencoded within a URL.”
这里有一篇介绍URL编码的文章。
为了方便把“%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%AF%E7%86%8A”这样的字符串转换为我们可读字符串，我写了这个小工具；同时可以做反向的转换。例如把”可可熊”转换为“%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%AF%E7%86%8A”。
做个示例,使用该程序在命令行下获取“\”的URL编码：
[cocobear@cocobear sn]$ ./url2read.py -r “”‘\’””
GBK:
%5C
UTF8:
%5C
注意这里由于存在shell的解释，需要这样把“\”围起来。
这个脚本可以很好的在Linux与Windows下使用，贴代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding: utf-8
#author: cocobear
#version: 0.1
import urllib
import sys,getopt,re
__doc__ = """Usage:
./url2read.py -h
./url2read.py -r ftp://cocobear.github.io/中国
./url2read.py http://cocobear.github.io/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD
"""
def url2read(s):
s = urllib.unquote(s)
try:
s = s.decode('utf-8')
except UnicodeDecodeError:
s = s.decode('gbk')
finally:
print s.encode(sys.stdin.encoding)
def read2url(s):
head = ''
g = re.search('^(http|ftp://)(.*)',s)
if g:
head = g.group(1)
s = g.group(2)
gbk = urllib.quote(s.decode(sys.stdin.encoding).encode('gbk'))
utf8 = urllib.quote(s.decode(sys.stdin.encoding).encode('utf-8'))
if gbk == utf8:
print head+gbk
return 0
else:
print "UTF8:\n"+head+utf8
print "GBK:\n"+head+gbk
return 0
def main(argv=None):
f = False
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print __doc__
return 1
try:
opts,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"h,r",["help","reverse"])
except getopt.error,msg:
print msg
print __doc__
return 1
for o,a in opts:
if o in ("-h","--help"):
print __doc__
return 0
if o in ("-r","--reverse"):
f = True
for arg in args:
if f:
return read2url(arg)
else:
return url2read(arg)
if __name__ == "__main__":
sys.exit(main())
Comments
luguo: 恩，这个简单易懂～
Amankwah: 这个不错~
shuge.lee: yuki@yukilib /home/share/code/python_note $ ./url2read.py http://www.shuge.org/中文 File “./url2read.py”, line 12 SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character ‘\xe4’ in file ./url2read.py on line 13, but no encoding declared; see http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html for details yuki@yukilib /home/share/code/python_note $ 怎么回事？
可可熊: 使用参数-r，需要反转。
